Bouillabaisse Provençal Fish Stew

Featured in: Weekend Feast Ideas

This traditional Provençal fish stew brings together a blend of firm and oily fish, shellfish, and aromatic vegetables like fennel, leek, and tomatoes. Simmered with saffron and fragrant herbs, the broth captures rich coastal flavors. The dish is complemented by a creamy rouille sauce made with garlic, chili, and mustard, served alongside toasted baguette slices. Perfect for sharing, it offers a balanced combination of fresh seafood and bold, comforting tastes.

Updated on Sat, 27 Dec 2025 11:20:00 GMT
Steaming bouillabaisse, studded with fish and shellfish, served with rouille and toasted bread. Save
Steaming bouillabaisse, studded with fish and shellfish, served with rouille and toasted bread. | smokyfeast.com

The first time I tasted authentic bouillabaisse wasn't from a recipe book—it was in a cramped harbor-side bistro in Marseille, where the owner's grandmother was still cooking in the back. One spoonful and I understood why this stew has survived centuries: it's not fancy or fussy, just the sea delivered to your bowl with saffron and soul. When I finally attempted it at home, I realized the magic wasn't in any single ingredient but in how they sang together, each one essential, none overshadowing the rest.

I made this for friends who were skeptical about seafood stew, and something shifted when they tasted it—suddenly they were asking for thirds and insisting I share the recipe. That's when I knew bouillabaisse wasn't just dinner; it was a conversation starter, a reason to linger at the table longer than planned, a dish that turns a regular weeknight into something worth remembering.

Ingredients

  • Firm white fish fillets (monkfish, sea bass): These anchors of the stew stay delicate because they're added last; they're your proof that good seafood needs barely any interference.
  • Oily fish fillets (red mullet): The richness here is what makes the broth taste like the Mediterranean—don't skip this or substitute it lightly.
  • Mussels and shrimp: Buy them as close to cooking as possible; their freshness is non-negotiable and will shine through in every spoonful.
  • Olive oil: Use good oil here, the kind you'd drizzle on bread by itself, because it matters more than you'd think.
  • Onion, leek, fennel, carrot: This aromatic base takes time to soften properly—rushing it cheats you of flavor that builds the entire soul of the stew.
  • Saffron threads: Pricey but worth it; those tiny threads carry the color and warmth that make bouillabaisse unmistakably itself.
  • Orange zest: A quiet brightness that catches you off guard and makes you wonder what it is, then realize it's been there all along.
  • Dry white wine: Something crisp that you'd actually drink, not cooking wine meant only for pots.
  • Fish stock or water: If you have stock, use it; water works too, but the stew will taste slightly less generous.
  • Egg yolk and mustard for rouille: These emulsify your way to a sauce so smooth it feels indulgent.

Instructions

Sauté the flavor foundation:
Heat olive oil in a large, heavy pot over medium heat and add onion, leek, fennel, carrot, and garlic. Let them soften for 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until they're translucent and smell sweet—you're building the base that everything else will rest on.
Bloom the aromatics:
Stir in tomatoes, orange zest, bay leaf, thyme, parsley, saffron threads, fennel seeds, peppercorns, salt, and pepper. Cook for 5 minutes so the saffron releases its color and the spices wake up.
Deglaze and simmer the broth:
Pour in white wine and let it bubble for 2 minutes to cook off the raw alcohol. Add fish stock or water and bring to a gentle boil, then lower heat to a simmer for 25 minutes uncovered—this is where the magic happens as flavors meld and deepen.
Strain for clarity:
Pour the broth through a fine sieve, pressing gently on the solids to coax out every bit of flavor. Return the strained broth to the cleaned pot; you're left with liquid gold.
Cook the seafood:
Bring the broth back to a simmer and add firm white fish pieces first—they need 5 minutes to begin cooking. Then add oily fish, mussels, shrimp, and scallops, simmering for another 5–6 minutes until the mussels open and the fish is just cooked through, opaque at the center.
Build the rouille:
In a bowl, whisk egg yolk, minced garlic, chopped chili, saffron with its soaking water, and mustard until smooth. Slowly drizzle in olive oil while whisking constantly—the sauce will thicken and lighten as it emulsifies, becoming creamy and luxurious.
Bring it all together:
Ladle the bouillabaisse into warm bowls, top with fresh parsley, and serve with toasted baguette slices brushed with olive oil and a generous spoonful of rouille on the side.
A vibrant bowl of bouillabaisse, showcasing the fresh, varied seafood simmered in savory broth. Save
A vibrant bowl of bouillabaisse, showcasing the fresh, varied seafood simmered in savory broth. | smokyfeast.com

The moment someone broke a piece of toasted bread, spread rouille on it thick, dunked it into the stew, and closed their eyes in satisfaction—that's when I understood why this dish has been made the same way for generations in Provence. It's not tradition for tradition's sake; it's because nothing needs changing.

The Rouille: A Sauce That Changes Everything

Rouille is technically an aioli with attitude—it's garlicky, saffron-colored, and confident in a way that simple mayo never could be. The first time I made it, I was terrified it would break while I whisked in the oil, but I realized the key is patience and a steady hand: add the oil slowly, and the emulsion holds like a promise. Once you've made it, you'll want to serve it on everything.

Choosing Your Seafood Wisely

Traditional bouillabaisse uses whatever the Mediterranean offers, so the variety matters more than hitting exact types. I've made this with whatever looked beautiful at the fishmonger that morning—sometimes sea bass and red mullet, sometimes a bit of halibut or even mussels from the farmer's market. The rule is simple: use the freshest you can find, and include at least three different types so the broth tastes complex and generous.

Serving and Variations

Bouillabaisse lives best in warm bowls with a chilled glass of Provençal rosé nearby—the wine cuts through the richness while complementing the seafood. For gluten-free guests, swap regular baguette for gluten-free bread; the stew itself is naturally pescatarian and adaptable. Rouille can be made a day ahead, so if you're feeding a crowd, that's one less thing to worry about in the moment.

  • Make extra rouille because once people taste it, they'll want more on their bread than you expected.
  • If a mussel doesn't open during cooking, discard it without hesitation—it's a sign it wasn't alive to begin with.
  • Leftovers freeze beautifully if you keep the seafood separate and add it fresh when reheating.
Fragrant bouillabaisse; a close-up of the French fish stew with mussels, bread, and rouille. Save
Fragrant bouillabaisse; a close-up of the French fish stew with mussels, bread, and rouille. | smokyfeast.com

This stew reminds me that the best meals aren't about impressing anyone—they're about taking time to cook something real and watching it bring people closer. Bouillabaisse is proof of that, one warm spoonful at a time.

Kitchen Questions

What types of fish work best in this stew?

Firm white fish like monkfish or sea bass and oily fish such as red mullet offer a balanced texture and flavor. Including shellfish like mussels and shrimp enhances the complexity.

How is the rouille sauce prepared?

Rouille is made by whisking egg yolk with garlic, chili, saffron, and mustard, then slowly incorporating olive oil until thick and creamy, creating a flavorful, garlicky mayonnaise.

Can this dish be made gluten-free?

Yes, simply serve with gluten-free bread instead of the traditional baguette to accommodate gluten-free diets.

What wine pairs well with this seafood stew?

A chilled Provençal rosé or a crisp white wine complements the saffron and seafood flavors beautifully.

How long should the stew simmer to develop flavor?

Simmer the broth uncovered for about 25 minutes before adding the seafood to allow the aromatic vegetables and spices to deepen the flavor.

Bouillabaisse Provençal Fish Stew

Hearty Provençal stew brimming with fresh fish, saffron, herbs, and a garlicky rouille accompaniment.

Prep duration
35 min
Heat time
50 min
Complete duration
85 min
Created by Jackson Reed


Skill Level Medium

Heritage French (Provençal)

Output 6 Portions

Nutrition Labels No Dairy

What You'll Need

Fish & Seafood

01 14 oz firm white fish fillets (e.g., monkfish, sea bass), cut into chunks
02 10.5 oz oily fish fillets (e.g., red mullet), cut into chunks
03 10.5 oz mussels, cleaned and debearded
04 7 oz small shrimp, peeled and deveined
05 6 large sea scallops (optional)

Vegetables & Aromatics

01 2 tablespoons olive oil
02 1 large onion, finely sliced
03 1 large leek (white part only), thinly sliced
04 2 fennel bulbs, sliced
05 3 garlic cloves, minced
06 4 ripe tomatoes, peeled, seeded, and chopped
07 1 large carrot, sliced
08 Zest of 1 orange
09 1 bay leaf
10 2 sprigs thyme
11 1 sprig fresh parsley (plus extra for garnish)
12 ½ teaspoon saffron threads
13 1 teaspoon fennel seeds
14 ½ teaspoon black peppercorns
15 Salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste

Liquids

01 ¾ cup dry white wine
02 6 ¼ cups fish stock or water

For the Rouille

01 1 egg yolk
02 1 garlic clove, minced
03 1 small red chili, seeded and chopped
04 ½ teaspoon saffron threads, soaked in 1 tablespoon warm water
05 ⅓ cup olive oil
06 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
07 Salt, to taste

To Serve

01 1 small baguette, sliced and toasted
02 Extra olive oil, for drizzling

Method

Phase 01

Sauté Aromatics: Heat olive oil in a large heavy pot over medium heat. Add onion, leek, fennel, carrot, and garlic. Cook for 8–10 minutes until softened without browning.

Phase 02

Add Herbs and Spices: Incorporate tomatoes, orange zest, bay leaf, thyme, parsley, saffron threads, fennel seeds, peppercorns, salt, and freshly ground black pepper. Cook for 5 minutes while stirring.

Phase 03

Deglaze and Simmer Broth: Pour in white wine and simmer for 2 minutes. Add fish stock or water, bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat and simmer uncovered for 25 minutes to develop flavors.

Phase 04

Strain Broth: Strain broth through a fine sieve, pressing solids to extract maximum flavor. Discard solids and return broth to the cleaned pot.

Phase 05

Cook Seafood: Bring broth to a gentle simmer. Add firm white fish pieces first and cook for 5 minutes. Then add oily fish, mussels, shrimp, and scallops if using. Continue simmering for 5–6 minutes until seafood is cooked and mussels open. Discard any unopened mussels. Adjust seasoning as needed.

Phase 06

Prepare Rouille: In a bowl, whisk together egg yolk, garlic, chili, saffron with soaking water, and Dijon mustard until smooth. Slowly drizzle in olive oil while whisking constantly until thick and mayonnaise-like. Season with salt.

Phase 07

Serve: Ladle stew into warmed bowls, garnish with fresh parsley. Serve with toasted baguette slices brushed with olive oil and a generous spoonful of rouille on the side.

Kitchen Tools

  • Large heavy pot or Dutch oven
  • Fine sieve
  • Chef's knife and cutting board
  • Whisk
  • Mixing bowl
  • Ladle

Allergy Details

Always review ingredients for potential allergens and seek professional medical guidance if unsure.
  • Contains fish, shellfish, egg, wheat (in baguette; substitute gluten-free bread if needed), and mustard.
  • May contain traces of gluten and shellfish; verify ingredients if allergies are a concern.

Nutrition Details (per portion)

Values shown are estimates only - please consult healthcare providers for specific advice.
  • Energy: 410
  • Fats: 18 g
  • Carbohydrates: 24 g
  • Proteins: 36 g